出埃及记生命读经 · 第135篇

亚伦和他的儿子成圣作祭司（三）

The sanctification of Aaron and his sons to be the priests (3)

1读经：出埃及记二十九章十五至二十八节；四十章十四至十五节。

1Scripture Reading: Exo. 29:15-28; 40:14-15

2我相信主要从出埃及记二十九章对我们说非常甜美的话。然而，圣经这段话很不容易了解，我们来读这一章的时候，需要合式地运用我们的心思。不然，我们就会像进到树林里一样，找不着正确的方向。我们查读这一章的时候，必须冷静，必须非常清明。

2I believe that the Lord wants to speak to us a very sweet word from chapter twenty-nine of Exodus. This portion of the Bible, however, is not easy to understand. As we read this chapter, we need the proper exercise of our mind. Otherwise, we may be led into the woods and not find the right direction. As we approach this chapter, we need to be calm and very sober.

3五十多年前，有些圣经教师教导我说，照新约来看，所有的信徒，无论是年长的、年轻的、老练的、初信的，都是祭司。我很高兴听见这些论到普遍祭司职分的话语。我尽我所能地实行祭司的职分，但是我办不到。一九五三年，我在台湾和圣徒们一同查读摩西五经的时候，才开始看见我们如何才能作祭司事奉神。

3More than fifty years ago, I was taught by certain Bible teachers that, according to the New Testament, all believers, whether old or young, whether experienced or beginners, are priests. I was glad to hear a word concerning this universal priesthood. Although I tried my best to practice the priesthood, I did not have the way to do it. When I was studying the Pentateuch with the saints in Taiwan in 1953, I began to see how we can serve God as priests.

4我们很可能把新约读过几十遍，却找不到作祭司来事奉的路。然而我们研读旧约里的豫表，就能彀找着那条路。我们绝不该轻看旧约豫表的价值，有些豫表和新约里所说的明言有同样的价值。

4It is possible to read through the New Testament dozens of times without finding the way to serve as a priest. But we can find the way by studying the types in the Old Testament. We should never disregard the value of the Old Testament types. Certain types are just as valuable as the plain words uttered in the New Testament.

5彼得前书二章五节说，我们是圣别的祭司体系，藉着耶稣基督献上神所悦纳的属灵祭物。同章九节把我们描述成君尊的祭司体系。此外，启示录一章六节和五章十节也都说到我们是祭司。我们是君尊的祭司体系，是圣别的祭司体系。我们是祭司，我们也能彀作祭司事奉神。因此，我们既不是圣品阶级，也不是平信徒，而是祭司体系。

5First Peter 2:5 says that we are a holy priesthood offering up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God by Jesus Christ. In verse 9 of that chapter we are described as a royal priesthood. Furthermore, Revelation 1:6 and 5:10 both say that we are priests. We are a royal priesthood and a holy priesthood. We are priests, and we can serve God as priests. Thus, we are neither the clergy nor the laity, but a priesthood.

6圣品阶级制度的根源乃是魔鬼，它的确不是根据圣经的。圣经启示所有的信徒都是祭司，但圣品阶级制度杀死并废止了祭司的体系。作祭司事奉神乃是我们的长子名分，而传统的圣品阶级制度夺去了我们的长子名分。因这缘故，我坚决地说，这个制度的根源是出于魔鬼，不是出于圣经。

6The clergy-laity system has its source in the Devil; it certainly is not according to the Bible. The Bible reveals that all believers are priests. But the clergy-laity system kills and nullifies the priesthood. It is our birthright to be priests serving God. But the traditional system of clergy and laity has taken away our birthright. For this reason, I say strongly that this system has its source in the Devil, not in the Bible.

7虽然新约告诉我们说，我们是祭司，但新约没有告诉我们如何作祭司。我们由新约晓得，我们已经得救了，蒙基督的血所洗净，由那灵所重生，并且得着一些恩赐。因此，我们知道自己得救了、洗净了、重生了，并且得了恩赐。但我们还需要进一步的帮助，知道如何作祭司来事奉神。一九五三年，我再与圣徒们查读旧约豫表的时候，来自出埃及记二十九章的亮光，启示了作祭司事奉的路。

7Although the New Testament tells us that we are priests, it does not tell us how to be priests. From the New Testament we learn that we have been saved, washed with the blood of Christ, regenerated by the Spirit, and endowed with certain gifts. Thus, we know that we are saved, washed, regenerated, and gifted. But we still need further help to know how to serve God as priests. It was when I studied Old Testament typology again with the saints in 1953 that the light came from Exodus 29 to reveal the way to serve as a priest.

不是任命或奉献，而是成圣

Not ordained or consecrated but sanctified

8出埃及记二十九章说到使亚伦和他的儿子成圣作祭司。因此，它不是说到使罪人、不信的人或还未得救的人成圣。一节说：“你使亚伦和他儿子成圣，给我供祭司的职分，要如此行。”请注意这一节不是说到将亚伦和他儿子献上，或任命他们。就这一章而论，我们需要避免使用奉献这个词，而要说到成圣。

8Exodus 29 speaks of sanctifying Aaron and his sons to be priests. Hence, it does not speak of sanctifying sinners, unbelievers, or the unsaved. Verse 1 says, “And this is the thing which you shall do to them to sanctify them to serve as priests to Me.” Please notice that this verse does not speak of consecrating Aaron and his sons or of ordaining them. As far as this chapter is concerned, we need to avoid the use of the word consecration and instead speak of sanctification.

9“奉献”这个词多少有几分是传统的。在这个词的影响之下，我们对于神所拯救的人成圣作祭司，也许会有一种错误的观念。因此，我要强调一件事实：这里所吩咐的不是将亚伦和他儿子献上，而是使他们成圣。用正确的词来描述本章所记载的事，就是“成圣”。亚伦和他的儿子成圣作祭司来事奉神。奉献和成圣有很大的差别，但奉献和任命的差别更大。一个人接受任命的时候，一些圣品阶级的人按手在他的头上，并为他祷告。照着平常、一般的用法，奉献的意思就是把我们自己献给神。但出埃及记二十九章既不是描述承接圣职，也不是描述奉献，而是对成圣的记载。

9The word “consecrate” is somewhat traditional. Under the influence of this word, we may have a mistaken concept concerning the sanctification of God’s saved ones to be His priests. Therefore, I would emphasize the fact that here we have the charge not to consecrate Aaron and his sons, but to sanctify them. The proper word to use to describe what is recorded in this chapter is “sanctify.” Aaron and his sons were sanctified to be priests serving God. There is a great difference between consecration and sanctification, and an even greater difference between sanctification and ordination. When a person is ordained, some of the clergy lay their hands upon him and pray for him. Consecration, according to common, ordinary usage, means the presenting of ourselves to God. But Exodus 29 describes neither ordination nor consecration; it is a record of sanctification.

10假设亚伦不是照着二十九章里所描述的得以成圣，而是以传统、宗教的方式承接圣职。在这样的情况下，其他的人会把手按在他的头上，并为他祷告。然而，亚伦还是空手的。他在承接圣职前后，同样都是空手的。他要成为神的祭司，要作祭司事奉神，就必须有些东西用来事奉神。假设亚伦不是接受任命，而仅仅是奉献给主，献给祂，交给祂。但就连这样奉献以后，亚伦还是虚空的，没有甚么东西可用来事奉神。亚伦和他的儿子成圣作祭司来事奉与承接圣职和奉献是截然不同的。

10Suppose instead of being sanctified according to what is described in chapter twenty-nine, Aaron were ordained in a traditional, religious way. In such a case, others would lay their hands on him and pray for him. Aaron, however, would still be empty-handed. Both before and after his ordination, he would be the same in that he would be empty-handed. In order for him to be God’s priest and to serve Him as a priest, he must have something with which to serve God. Suppose instead of being ordained Aaron were merely consecrated to the Lord, offered to Him and presented to Him. But even after being consecrated in this way, Aaron would still be empty and have nothing with which to serve God. The sanctification of Aaron and his sons to serve as priests is very different from both ordination and consecration.

因着把手充满而成圣

Sanctified by having our hands filled

11照出埃及记二十九章所启示的来看，祭司要事奉神，就需要把手充满了。他们的手应当充满了平安祭─公绵羊的脂油、饼和薄饼。一个祭司的手充满了基督的甜美和丰富，他就与别人有所不同。别人是空手的，但他的手是充满的。结果，他就得以成圣，从凡俗的人中分别出来。不但如此，他还有基督的丰富，用来作祭司事奉神。使圣徒成圣作祭司来事奉的路，就是用基督的丰富把他的手充满了。信徒这样成圣以前，就已经是圣徒了。请想想亚伦的光景，他经历了逾越节，从神的审判中蒙了拯救，并且脱离了法老的暴虐和世界的霸占。此外，他也过了红海，享受属天的食物和活水，并在西乃山接受了神圣的教育，又在旷野里经历了许许多多的事情。他的确是一个圣徒，他已经得救了，从埃及出来，并在旷野里经历了神的事。当然，不仅亚伦是这样，所有的以色列人也都是这样。他们已经从埃及出来，并且到了神的山，受神的训练。然后主对摩西说，神的百姓中有些人要成圣作祭司。这指明单单作圣徒还不彀。我们成为圣徒以后，还需要成圣，使我们能彀作祭司事奉神。

11According to what is revealed in chapter twenty-nine of Exodus, the priests need to have their hands filled in order to serve God. Their hands should be filled with the fat of the ram of the peace offering, bread, cakes, and wafers. When a priest has his hands filled with the sweetness and riches of Christ, he is different from others. They are empty-handed, but he has his hands filled. As a result, he is sanctified, set apart, from the common people. Furthermore, he has the riches of Christ with which to serve God as a priest. The way to sanctify a saint to serve as a priest is to fill his hands with the riches of Christ. Before a believer is sanctified in this way, he is already a saint. Consider the situation with Aaron. He had experienced the Passover, he had been saved from the judgment of God, and he had been delivered from Pharaoh’s tyranny and from the usurpation of the world. Furthermore, he had crossed the Red Sea, enjoyed the heavenly food and the living water and received a divine education at Mount Sinai. He had also experienced many things in the wilderness. Truly he was a saint, one who was saved and brought out of Egypt and one who had experienced the things of God in the wilderness. This was true, of course, not only of Aaron, but of all the children of Israel as well. They had been brought out of Egypt and had come to the mountain of God to be trained by Him. Then the Lord told Moses that certain of God’s people were to be sanctified to be priests. This indicates that it is not sufficient merely to be a saint. After becoming a saint, we need to be sanctified so that we may serve as a priest to God.

12成圣作祭司来事奉，与享受基督作逾越节、作吗哪不同，同时也与享受基督的灵作活水不同。成圣乃是除了这一切宝贵的经历以外，还包含了一些东西。这意思是说，成圣是除了逾越节、吗哪和活水外还有的东西。我们已经指出，成圣不是承接圣职或奉献，而是用基督的丰富把我们的手充满了。要紧的是要看见，我们要作祭司，除了享受基督作逾越节、吗哪和活水以外，还需要一些东西。哦，愿我们都看见这件事！

12Being sanctified to serve as priests is different from enjoying Christ as the Passover or as the manna. Also it is not the same as enjoying the Spirit of Christ as the living water. This sanctification involves something in addition to all these precious experiences. This means that it is something in addition to the Passover, the manna, and the living water. As we have pointed out, it is not ordination or consecration, but the filling up of our hands with the riches of Christ. It is very important for us to see that in order to serve as priests, we need something in addition to the enjoyment of Christ as the Passover, the manna, and the living water. Oh, may we all see this!

13许多年前，我看见出埃及记二十九章里这件事的时候，我非常喜乐。这的确是个大亮光，我表达不出我看见作祭司事奉神的路有多么喜乐。在我作基督徒头二十五年的经历中，我知道信徒都是祭司，但我不晓得如何实际地作祭司事奉神。但在主的光照之下研读这一章，我就开始看见了那条路。我何等欢喜！何等快乐！因着主的怜悯，给我们看见作祭司事奉的路。这条路就是除了经历逾越节、每日的吗哪、流出的活水以外，我们对基督还要有附加的经历。

13When I saw this matter in Exodus 29 years ago, I was very happy. Truly it was a great light. I have no way to express how happy I was to see the way to serve God as a priest. During the first twenty-five years of my Christian experience, I knew that we believers were priests, but I did not know how to serve God as a priest in a practical way. But from studying this chapter under the Lord’s enlightenment, I began to see the way. How happy I was! How I rejoiced in the Lord’s mercy in showing us the way to serve as priests! The way is to have additional experiences of Christ, experiences in addition to the Passover, the daily manna, and the flowing of the living water.

14当我是个青年的基督徒时，我就听见基督是我们的逾越节，是我们的吗哪。我受到教导说，祂是被击打的磐石，流出活水来。但我从来没有听说，照出埃及记二十九章来看，我们要作祭司来事奉，就需要对基督有附加的经历。这一章启示出我们可以经历基督作公牛、作公绵羊、作饼和薄饼。在这一章里我们看见三种不同的饼。我们按着本章所说的方式来经历基督，就实际成了事奉的祭司。

14When I was a young Christian, I heard that Christ is our Passover and our manna. I was taught that He is the rock that was smitten to flow the living water. But I was never told that, according to Exodus 29, we need additional experiences of Christ in order to serve as priests. This chapter reveals that we may experience Christ as the bull, as the rams, and as the cakes and wafers. In this chapter we see three different kinds of cakes. By experiencing Christ in the way presented in this chapter, we become the serving priests in a very practical way.

15事实上，今天成百万的基督徒中间，真正事奉祂的人少之又少，这并不希奇。以往你作祭司事奉神有多少？我由出埃及记二十九章得着亮光以前，我到圣徒家里去看望，或帮忙整洁会所时，就以为自己是作祭司来事奉。最终我看见，这样的看望和整洁是利未人的事奉，不是祭司的事奉。祭司的事奉乃是详尽地把基督直接献给神。出埃及记二十九章的宝贵就在于把我们作祭司的路启示出来了。

15Actually, it is little wonder that among today’s millions of Christians very few actually serve Him as priests. In the past, how much have you served God as a priest? Before I received light through Exodus 29, I thought that I was serving as a priest when I visited a saint in his home, or when I helped to clean the meeting hall. Eventually, I came to see that such visitation and cleaning are a Levitical service, not a priestly service. Priestly service is a matter of offering Christ in a detailed way directly to God. The preciousness of chapter twenty-nine of Exodus consists in the fact that it reveals the way for us to be priests.

洗净和穿衣

Washed and clothed

16使亚伦和他儿子成圣的头一个步骤就是洗净他们。出埃及记二十九章四节说：“要使亚伦和他儿子到会幕门口来，用水洗身。”

16The first step in sanctifying Aaron and his sons to be priests was to wash them. Exodus 29:4 says, “And you shall bring Aaron and his sons near unto the door of the tent of meeting, and wash them with water.”

17亚伦和他儿子洗净以后，就穿上祭司的衣服。五节、六节论到亚伦，说：“要给亚伦穿上内袍，和以弗得的外袍，并以弗得；又带上胸牌，束上以弗得巧工织的带子；把冠冕戴在他头上，将圣冠加在冠冕上。”八节、九节也说到祭司的穿衣：“要叫他的儿子来，给他们穿上内袍。给亚伦和他儿子束上腰带，包上裹头巾。”这些祭司的衣服乃是为着遮盖他们的赤身露体。

17After Aaron and his sons were washed, they were clothed with the priestly garments. Concerning Aaron verses 5 and 6 say, “And you shall take the garments, and clothe Aaron with the tunic, and the robe of the ephod, and the ephod, and the breastplate; and you shall gird him with the band of the ephod. And you shall put the turban upon his head, and put the holy crown upon the turban.” Verses 8 and 9 also speak of clothing the priests: “And you shall bring his sons near, and clothe them with tunics. And you shall gird them with a girdle, Aaron and his sons, and bind caps on them.” These priestly garments were for the covering of their nakedness.

18赤身露体表征我们天然人的出现、暴露。你知道甚么是属灵的赤身露体？属灵的赤身露体就是我们天然人罪恶、丑陋的外表。我们也许生来就很不错，但因着我们是亚当的子孙，在神看来，我们天然人的外表就是赤身露体，对祂而言完全是丑陋的、可憎的。亚当和夏娃堕落以后，发觉他们是赤身露体的，就想要用无花果树的叶子来遮盖自己。他们觉察到他们的赤身露体需要遮盖起来。出埃及记二十九章里亚伦和他儿子的穿衣就是表明把我们天然人的外表遮盖起来。

18Nakedness signifies the appearance, the exposure, of our natural being. Do you know what spiritual nakedness is? Spiritual nakedness is the sinful and ugly appearance of our natural being. Although we may be very good according to our natural birth, because we are the descendants of Adam, in the sight of God the appearance of our natural being is nakedness. It is altogether uncomely and abominable to Him. After Adam and Eve became fallen, they realized they were naked and tried to cover themselves with fig leaves. They realized that their nakedness needed to be covered. The clothing of Aaron and his sons in Exodus 29 indicates the covering of the appearance of our natural being.

救赎和重生

Redemption and generation

19一至三节说：“取一只公牛犊，两只无残疾的公绵羊，无酵饼，和调油的无酵饼，与抹油的无酵薄饼；这都要用细麦面作成。这饼要装在一个筐子里，连筐子带来，又把公牛和两只公绵羊牵来。”这里有三只动物，就是一只公牛犊和两只完美、无瑕疵的公绵羊，又有饼和薄饼。无酵饼也许相当厚，但这里的希伯来文表明调油的无酵饼不但很薄，也穿了孔，因此很容易吃。抹油的无酵饼可能也不很厚。

19Verses 1 through 3 say, “Take one young bull and two rams without blemish, and unleavened bread, and unleavened cakes mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil — of fine wheat flour you shall make them. And you shall put them in one basket, and bring them near in the basket, with the bull and the two rams.” Here we have three animals, a young bull and two perfect, flawless rams. We also have bread, cakes, and wafers. Although the bread may have been rather thick, the Hebrew language here indicates that the cakes were not only thin, but were also perforated and hence easy to eat. The wafers probably were not very thick.

20当然，饼和薄饼都是植物的生命，与公牛和公绵羊所代表的动物生命相对。在豫表里，动物的生命表征救赎的生命，就是流血为着救赎的生命。在豫表里，植物的生命是指繁衍、生产的生命。饼和薄饼都是用面作的。照约翰十二章二十四节来看，一粒麦子落在地里，就结出许多子粒来。这就是植物的生命作了繁衍的生命。基督有救赎的生命，也有繁衍、生产的生命。约翰福音就启示出基督生命的两方面。约翰一章二十九节说：“看哪，神的羔羊，除去世人罪孽的！”这就是为着救赎的动物生命。约翰十二章二十四节主耶稣论到祂自己，说：“我实实在在的告诉你们，一粒麦子不落在地里死了，仍旧是一粒；若是死了，就结出许多子粒来。”这就是为着繁衍、生产的植物生命。凡要作祭司事奉神之人的成圣，包含了为着救赎的动物生命，以及为着繁衍的植物生命。

20The bread, the cakes, and the wafers, of course, were of the vegetable life, in contrast to the animal life represented by the bull and the rams. In typology animal life signifies redeeming life, a life that has blood to be shed for redemption. In typology vegetable life denotes a generating, producing life. The bread, the cakes, and the wafers all were made of wheat flour. According to John 12:24, a grain of wheat falls into the ground and produces many grains. This is the vegetable life as the generating life. Christ has both the redeeming life and the generating, producing life. The Gospel of John reveals both aspects of the life of Christ. John 1:29 says, “Behold, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!” This is the animal life for redeeming. In John 12:24 the Lord Jesus says, referring to Himself, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the ground and dies, it abides alone; but if it dies, it bears much fruit.” This is the vegetable life for generating, for producing. The sanctification of those who would serve God as priests involves both the animal life for redemption and the vegetable life for generation.

题醒我们有罪恶的性情

Being reminded of our sinful nature

21照二十九章十至十四节来看，公牛乃是赎罪祭。这只公牛要牵到会幕前，亚伦和他儿子要按手在公牛的头上，在耶和华面前宰这公牛。要取些公牛的血，抹在坛的四角上，把其余的血倒在坛脚那里。公牛柔嫩、甜美的部位要烧在坛上，其余的皮、肉、粪要烧在营外，这就是赎罪祭的一幅图画。

21According to 29:10-14, the bull was a sin offering. The bull was brought near before the tent of meeting, Aaron and his sons laid their hands upon the head of the bull, and then it was slaughtered before the Lord. Some of the blood was put on the horns of the altar, and the remainder was poured out at the base of the altar. The tender, sweet parts of the bull were burned on the altar, and the rest, the flesh, the skin, and the dung, was burned outside the camp. This is a picture of the sin offering.

22这祭应当一直题醒我们，我们有罪恶的性情。即使我们不犯罪，只要我们是亚当的子孙，我们就有罪恶的性情。我们的性情不但是罪恶的，甚至就是罪。这意思是说，我们在肉体里面不过就是罪。所以，要实际地作祭司来事奉，首先就必须经历基督作我们的赎罪祭。每天清晨，我们必须把基督当作赎罪祭献给神。这自然而然会题醒我们：我们是罪人，甚至就是罪。我们的性情是罪恶的，我们就是罪的总和。

22This offering should remind us always of our sinful nature. Even though we may not commit sin, as long as we are descendants of Adam, we have a sinful nature. Not only is our nature sinful — it is sin itself. This means that in our flesh we are nothing but sin. Therefore, in order to serve as priests in a practical way, we must first experience Christ as our sin offering. Every day, early in the morning, we must offer Christ to God as the sin offering. Spontaneously this will remind us that we are sinners, even sin. Our nature is sinful, and we are a totality of sin.

23一天又一天，我们花了相当多的时间想到自己。我们这么作的时候，也许没有想到自己是罪恶的。反之，许多时候我们会以为自己相当不错。然而，这样想到自已会产生一个与祭司体系有关的问题。我们一直认为自己很不错，这样怎么能实际作祭司事奉神呢？难怪我们与别人一同事奉时会有难处！我们与别人一同事奉的时候会有难处，主要的原因乃是我们看自己比别人强。因此，我们必须记得我们生来就是罪恶的，并且把基督当作我们的赎罪祭献给神。

23Day by day we spend a certain amount of time thinking about ourselves. When we do so, we may not consider ourselves sinful. On the contrary much of the time we may think that we are rather good. However, thinking of ourselves in this way causes a problem related to the priesthood. How can we serve God as priests in a practical way while we continue to think we are so good? No wonder we have difficulty serving with others! We have problems with others in serving together mainly because we consider ourselves better than others. Therefore, we need to remember that we are sinful by nature and offer Christ to God as our sin offering.

24倘若我们经历基督作赎罪祭，题醒我们，我们有罪恶的性情，我们如何会与别人辩论呢？弟兄还会和妻子争吵么？当然不会。倘若一位弟兄一直觉得他有罪恶的性情，他就会受到约束，不和妻子争吵了。

24If experiencing Christ as the sin offering reminds us of our sinful nature, how could we argue with others? Will a brother still fight with his wife? Certainly not. Should a brother continually realize that he has a sinful nature, he will be restricted from arguing with his wife.

25如果我们要实际地作祭司，就需要经历基督作赎罪祭，看见这一点是极其要紧的。我们要成为神的祭司，就必须不断地被题醒：我们在自己里面就是罪。如果我们有这种领会和体认，就不会和别人争吵了。知道我们有罪恶的性情，并把基督当作赎罪祭献给神，会防卫我们、保守我们，使我们能彀作神的祭司来事奉祂。

25It is very important for us to see that if we would be priests in a practical way, we must experience Christ as the sin offering. We who would be priests of God must be reminded constantly that in ourselves we are sin. If we have this understanding and realization, we shall not argue with others. Knowing that we have a sinful nature and offering Christ to God as our sin offering will protect us and preserve us so that we may serve God as His priests.